Initially published for the Hackaday Prize (https://hackaday.io/project/10879-2016-internets-of-energy-call-me-daisee/details) on the 11/04/2016. CC-BY-SA (International 4.0).
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Up today, the easiest way to provide fairly important amounts of energy to a relatively big amount of people was to build big power plants (from coal to nuclear also using gas and hydropower) with heavy infrastructures (big pipes that go through the territories and more little pipes that go from the substations to homes). Such a system is relying on low-cost and abundant non-renewable resources.
With the increase of both local and global energy consumption, resources (very fast) depletion, climate change and... renewable energy costs plummeting, the system has started to evolve... So, more and more it looks like pretty much like that
A more decentralized organization relying on diffuse renewable resources. This means that production points are more local and close to consumption points.
However, such a system is based on existing infrastructures and local electricity producers are usually not the owners of the produced good (electricity) since they are constrains by regulatory laws making it compulsory either to sell the electricity to another bigger producer or a dispatcher, or to consume its own electricity.
There are mainly 4 problems:
First, energy producers and dispatchers do not know well (usually not at all) the real time consumption pattern at the micro-level, meaning they do not have meaningful energy consumption information on their clients that would help to real time optimize the production/consumption balance;
Second, in current systems energy losses are huge (between 7 and 12% of the total production) because of losses in the pipes making the grid;
Third, the current systems do not take the full potential of local resources; those systems are not in place and not consistent with developing countries issues about energy accessibility because not resilient enough;
Last but not least, consumers do not get real interaction with energy, making raising awareness on reducing energy consumption hard. The only relation you've got with your energy provider is, first the bill, second the switch.
The are then 4 big issues levels:
The increasing complexity of the energy system and organization;
The cost of a trusted 3rd party (specifically the one enabling distribution);
The complexity and inconsistency of the regional regulatory contexts;
The consumer side: how to get people involved in energy governance?
The solution that is proposed here to solve those problems is to experiment and move towards a (more) DISTRIBUTED energy systems organization, like that
Like the internets we strongly believe that DISTRIBUTED energy systems will help to develop DECENTRALIZED AUTONOMOUS energy ORGANIZATIONS, thus providing strong and resilient answers to the here-above mentioned challenges.
We could access to meaningful and secured energy consumption and production data with monitoring systems like Open Energy Monitor with embedded installed Ethereum (light) clients to record energy flows on a distributed ledger ("blockchain"). This gives the opportunity to secure and validate data and to access "pseudonymous" consumption and production energy data to facilitate transactions.
Relying on peer-to-peer energy transaction through micro-grid at the local level makes it possible to significantly reduce energy losses in the grid since electricity does not have to cross the country to reach the consumption point.
Locally distributed energy systems that are interconnected one to another make it possible to take full advantage of diffuse local resources (sun, wind, hydro, electro-chemical electricity production - from plants and bacteria...) while strengthening the resilience of the system, since what's produced locally is locally consumed.
Consumers are part of the equation, if not the central and main actor while talking about energy. A distributed system makes it possible to switch from pure consumer to "prosumers", giving a way for people to be involved in energy governance. Not only this helps to tackle on-ground needs but also to make energy a palpable good.
DAISEE's mission is to build the "Internets of Energy" and organise energy as a common. We have to deploy open-source secured decentralized autonomous energy production systems and consumption monitoring, in line with building micro-grid infrastructures, thus enabling trusted peer-to-peer energy transactions.
There are 3 packages in the master plan:
Energy monitoring: how to securely monitor energy consumption / production on a system based on open-source technologies?
Machine dialogue: how to make objects take consensual decisions while dealing energy-token between them about who’s consuming what-when-how they contribute to energy consumption reduction ?
Trusted transactions: how to make it possible to make peer-to-peer energy transactions at the district / town / territory level
Energy monitoring : set up sensors, check various data transfer and data.
Make the sensor communicate: install an ethereum client on two sensors and make them communicate through a basic smart contract on the blockchain
Make things work with a sensor in each house and test the first transactions.
Make things work between more than two houses (and deploy micro-grids)
Our vision: everyone will be an energy "prosumer" and will share energy data and deal energy within a decentralized, trusted and secured global infrastructure.
Our soul: energy as common(s). In other words : trusted co or inter-dependance which does not necessitate any intermediary for dealing with any of the flows related to a house/district/territory (i.e.: energy, transport, waste, materials...).
Our compass: deploy "DAOs" to foster autonomy in sectors such as energy.
Our community: we bootstrap DAISEE with talented people from "La M[Y]NE" and "Cellabz" among a broader community (particularly including CitizenWatt).
"La M[Y]NE" is a 'tiers-lieu' (based in Lyon) dedicated to sustainable issues. People come from various backgrounds to solve concrete problems.
Cellabz is a 'labs builder' who combine blockchain with emerging technologies.
CitizenWatt is a community who builds low-cot open-source energy monitoring and data viz systems. It aims at redefine the smart energy monitor as we know it towards acceptable eco-feedback technologies that are non-intrusive, and individual control and autoregulation of energy consumption.
Rieul Techer: energy guy, entrepreneur and passionate about - civic and technology - innovation. At the edge of the possible and the real.
Paul Flipo: hardware guy, open source fan, unstoppable traveller.
Samira Rabaaôui: magic hacker, innovation enthusiast, biologist.
Xavier Lavayssière: startuper (ECAN), fast coder, creative lawyer.
Aude Omeri: community builder, happiness catalyst, IDEA student.
Louis Villard: creative hacker, engaged in science popularization.
Timothée Gosselin: co-founder / builder of OSCEDays community.
Nicolas Loubet & Clement Epié: co-founders of Cellabz. Curious.
Hackaday hackers!
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What is the right economic model between the houses ? Which features, deal should be implemented in the smart contract ?
how do we deal with the necessary energy governance ? To solve: in this configuration, we still need some kind of network regulation/governance, so that there is enough energy available for everyone to buy (or that the produced energy will be used). Batteries/energy storage ? The governance between actors is managed via the blockchain, but the "energy governance" must still be managed/solved somehow.
